B) the group that read the newspaper C) Face validity B) manipulated by researchers C) the group that read the brochure B) 30-60 seconds C) A theory can generate only one hypothesis. C) A bee A) critical thinking, curiosity, skepticism, and objectivity, Psychology began as a science in the discipline of. D)Taylor is female, The thread-like structures that are present in the cell nucleus and contain genes and DNA are called C) Liver B) They are treelike fibers projecting from a neuron. He asks his employees to brainstorm and create a list of all possible solutions to keeping the company in business. D) the factors that change in response to the changes in dependent variables. These study characteristics place hidden demands on participants to respond in a particular way once they perceive them. B) divergent thinking C) polarization A) Central nervous system C) evolutionary A) sociocultural A) sample A) central D) brain's special capacity for modification and change. A) strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem A) resting potential D) Sigmund Freud; Wilhelm Wundt, The approach to psychology that is most interested in early childhood relationships is in experimental research, demand characteristics tend to question 17 options: a) threaten the validity of experimental Students in Group A drive a car in a computer game and see how many virtual accidents they have. D) CR, When using the computer as an analogy to explain the relationship between cognition and the brain, the brain is described as the computer's _____ and cognition is described as its _____. The validity of your research will depend on your experimental design. B) occipital lobe In descriptive statistics, the range is a measure of, Establishing an operational definition ensures that everyone agrees on what a variable means. A) measured by researchers. w=xyln(xz)w=x y \ln (x z)w=xyln(xz). A) is an in-depth look at a single individual. B) recall/recognition A) is an in depth look at a single individual D) a longitudinal study tracking exercise and mood over two years in a sample of 100 grade school children, B) an experiment that involves randomly assigning 200 students similar to yourself to either a physical activity condition or a control group, and then measuring mood, In a blog post, a scientist describes a recently completed study in which she found that people who were assigned to an exercise group reported 10 times more happiness than those in a control group. A) neurotransmitters They can invalidate studies by providing an alternative explanation for the results. B) most forgetting occurs soon after we originally learned something D) communicates through the release of neurotransmitters. Which of the following would best predict that Taylor is likely to regain the ability to talk Resting potential is the Which of the following attitudes are central to the scientific approach to psychology? C) whether Paul thought the person was attractive His view is known as B) genotype. C) phenotype Which of the following occurs when material that was learned earlier disrupts the recall of material learned later? D) rehearsal, _____ refers to the formation of a number of different connections around a stimulus at any given level of memory encoding. D) Motivated forgetting, Psychology 101 - Chapter 2 practice questions, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis. Participants in an experimental research study listen to a lecture either in a lecture hall filled with natural light or in a lecture hall with artificial light and no windows. On dissolution of the partnership, Arnie should receive, A researcher wants to study the effects of texting on driving. Characteristics of Quantitative Research Types of Quantitative Research Methods 1. They fail to establish a clear causal relationship between variables. C) ribosomes C) unconditioned stimulus. A=[476231512]A=\left[\begin{array}{rrr}4 & 7 & 6 \\ -2 & 3 & 1 \\ 5 & 1 & 2\end{array}\right] C) cyton D) Thyroid, The adrenal glands regulate energy level, the ability to deal with stress, and Dr. Steinguard wants to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship between stress and memory. C) dopamine B) Terrel is experiencing acute stress A) increase the reliability of a study C) Pancreas B) Maturation D) biological. Webnormally. Suppose that a sample of 505050 people is randomly selected at a shopping mall. B) informed consent D) all of the above, A) it is hard to conduct without the participants' knowledge that they are being studied, Emily, a committed environmentalist, reads a report that among a nationally representative sample, 60 percent of people polled support drilling for oil off the shores of California. D) High levels of serotoninDepression, B) Low levels of dopamineParkinson disease, In multiple sclerosis, identify the part of a neuron that typically hardens and disrupts the flow of information through neurons. According to research on encoding processes, Matt is able to accurately recall all this information because he _____. C) located inside the cell body. If you decide to use the problem-solving strategy of subgoaling, you would do which of the following? It is most likely that Dr. Zimand specializes in the _____ approach to psychology. A) inductive reasoning This is in accordance to the principle of. B) the behavioral approach A) sensory system. Which of the following psychological research methods is likely to be most suitable to Professor Milton's needs? The bell that rang in the hall signaled the end of class. A) secondary WebFor example, people with low self-esteem agree that they feel they are a person of worth not because they really feel this way but because they believe this is the socially appropriate response and do not want to look bad in the eyes of the researcher. Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method? What circumstance must exist for a bond to be purely covalent? Demand characteristics refers to a problem which can distort research. D) oxytocin, Corticosteroids are \text { d. } & 0 \text{ dollars } & 8,000 \text{ dollars } & 4,000 \text{ dollars }\\ D) Intervention bias, Lionel is a CEO of a company that is in financial crisis. B) Pancreas Why do demand characteristics matter in research? October 20, 2021 Professor Milton wants to examine the connection between brain damage and intelligence levels in adults. B) extinction B) Proactive interference B) manipulated by researchers. B) Functionalism/structuralism C) psychodynamic WebExperimental designs, also called randomized experiments, are characterized by two distinguishing features: (i) the conscious manipulation by the researcher of a treatment or, more generically, an independent variable of interest, and (ii) the random assignment of units to treatment and control groups (Fig. D) Temporal lobe, The most recently developed level of the human brain is the Web2 Characteristics of experimental research 2.1 The variables or experimental factors are manipulated 2.2 Control groups are established 2.3 It is assigned randomly 3 Examples of experimental investigations 3.1 Study on improving the social climate in the classroom 3.2 Possible cure for breast and prostate cancer B. Watson and B. F. Skinner believed that. Dr. Matteo is conducting an experiment to test the memory of a group of participants; in the experiment, the participants recall a list of previously shown household items. Your experiments external validity is also compromised by demand characteristics. Aaron wants to study the association between sleep deprivation and the number of hours spent on a computer every day. C) Nucleus D) Behaviorism/structuralism, Which of the following theorists primarily used the structuralism approach to studying human behavior? Which of the following is the best example of an unconditioned response? A) breathing and heart rate C) retrieval A 198819881988 Tobacco Institute publication, "Three Decades of Initiatives by a Responsible Cigarette Industry," refers to the industry code as prohibiting advertising and promotion "directed at young people" and as "requiring that models in advertising must be, and must appear to be, at least 252525 years old." 1ActivitiesBeginninginventorySalesPurchaseSalesPurchaseTotalsUnitsAcquired140units60units180units380unitsatCost@$6.00=@$5.00=@$4.50=$840300810$1,950UnitsSoldatRetail100units@$1580units@$15180units. D) generalization, How long does information last in sensory memory? Researchers who employ deception in their studies must be able to justify lying to participants. For example, some college students who are required to take part in research studies for academic credit may feel especially rebellious in a research setting. His view is known as. D) being a critical thinker means accepting whatever the data say, B) correlation does not imply causation and group statistics cannot be assumed to apply to every single case, The characteristics that allow the nervous system to direct behavior Are in its complexity, Integration, Electrochemical transmission, and Experimental manipulation: Manipulating an independent variable in a study (for instance, giving smokers a cessation program) instead of just observing an association without conducting any intervention (examining the relationship between exercise and smoking behavior) Abe and Carl's views reflect the __________ approach to psychology. SandersonManufacturingCompanyBalanceSheetAtDecember31,2018\begin{array}{c} DateJan. B) confirmation bias You can control demand characteristics by taking a few precautions in your research design and materials. B) sample Dr. Amani is interested in investigating why women are more able to correctly interpret emotional expressions than men. C) Sigmund Freud The balance sheet for the Art, Blythe, and Cooper Partnership is as follows. A) behavioral C) prejudging Use what you know about binding energy to explain why various astrophysical processes might result in the production of large quantities of iron. Retained earnings at the beginning of the year was. B) classical conditioning; operant conditioning (Round per unit costs and inventory amounts to cents.) A) hindsight bias 1Jan. C) the sociocultural approach To make your cover story plausible, you add some filler memory tests for participants to complete. D) students' feelings about homework. D) They direct the manufacture of substances required for growth of neurons. B) I don't know Which of the following mechanisms of brain-damage repair is apparent in this example? Since they experience all independent variable treatments, within-groups design participants can figure out the patterns in your procedure and guess what the study is about more easily. C) Endocrine secretions Weaknesses C) involves random assignment of participants Their experimental results revealed that the thinner cooling plate saved space, refrigerant usage, and compressor power. D) parietal lobes. B) correlation does not imply causation and group statistics cannot be assumed to apply to every single case A) RNA Bertha is using _____. Experimental Research 5. Its important to consider potential demand characteristics in your research design and deal with them appropriately to obtain valid results. D) It is hardly involved in the regulation of sleep. Participants begin by memorizing a list of words, and they list as many as they can recall between listening to the music and completing the mood ratings. C)Collateral sprouting A) It is related to the personality trait of extraversion. DateActivitiesUnitsAcquiredatCostUnitsSoldatRetailJan. D) Carl Rogers, Dr. Zimand is studying the association between the functioning of specific brain structures and depression. Which of the following is true with regard to the principles of behaviorism? Saundra says that whenever she drinks coffee in the evenings, it interferes with her ability to fall asleep. B) long-term memory/short-term or working memory B) Episodic memory/semantic memory When you have demand characteristics, the internal validity of your experiment isnt secure. C) Low levels of acetylcholineSchizophrenia Research suggests that the decline in memory is due to a(n) _____ deficiency in this individual's brain. A) Semantic memory/episodic memory C) synapses -0.24, They are useful when information from many people is required. B) predicting B) seeing and hearing B) Emily is likely to be wrong because 1000 people is a high number Which of the following is true of the neurotransmitter serotonin? C) proposes that memories are organized only to the extent that neurons, the connections among them, and their activity are organized D) American Psychological Association, A study could possibly put participants at risk of harm, but the participants are not told about that risk. D) relies on the experimental method. According to Thorndike's law of effect _____. C) confidentiality Sometimes, participants may actively play one of four roles. WebExperimental Research Designs The staple of all designs is the experimental research design. B) cognitive Conversely, participants in a negative subject role may try to actively sabotage your study by acting in unexpected ways or lying in their responses. How much cash should be distributed to each partner? A) Pituitary D) chunking, In the experiment with little Albert conducted by Watson and Rayner, _____ was used as an unconditional response for conditioning Albert to fear a white rat. Dennis, a psychologist, conducts a survey on why most people tend to help a crying child. D) science and either behavior or mental processes or both. Many psychology studies use filler tasks and cover stories to misdirect participants. A) negative punishment/positive punishment A=425731612, B=[100010001]B=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1\end{array}\right] B) a strong negative relationship C)Motor coordination D) Stem cells, Researchers study genetics through all of the following methods except Your body even contains a significant amount of iron. Demand characteristics The clues in an experiment that lead the participants to think they know what the researcher is looking for (e.g. B) serotonin (2023, February 15). B) There is a low negative correlation between sleep and exam performance. According to evolutionary psychologists human behavior is traceable to problems early C) confounds that are typically irrelevant to the hypothesis being tested. B) literature review B) software/hardware In this case, he is most interested in the scientific goal of _____ behavior. 10Jan. You play a 30-second clip of each and ask participants to rate their mood immediately after. Which of the following accurately assesses the ethics of this situation. C) consists of glands that regulate the activities of certain organs by releasing hormones into the bloodstream. C) a sociological C) random assignment C) Sympathetic nervous system Dr. Wagner's belief aligns with the _____ approach to psychology. C) 90-100 Abe and Carl's views reflect the _____ approach to psychology. Group A is the _____, while Group B is the _____. Find the first partial derivatives of the given function. B) parasympathetic A) Substitution of function D) stable, negative charge of an inactive neuron. \hline & \text { Casey } & {\text { Dithers }} & \text { Edwards } \\ Random assignment can be achieved in many different ways, such as by flipping a coin, using a table of random numbers, or using numbers randomly generated A) Generalization \text{Jan. 1}&\text{Purchase\hspace{48pt}}&\underline{\text{180 units}}&\text{@ \$4.50 =}&\underline{\hspace{13pt}\text{810}}&\underline{\hspace{38pt}\text{}}\hspace{30pt}\\ The idea that the theory should, if possible, be simple, concise, and succinct is identified as the _____. D) decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur. C) is always followed by something unpleasant. B) the autonomic nervous system A) informed consent A) hardware/software D) subject review, In the context of descriptive research methods in psychology, _____ are performed mainly by clinical psychologists when, for either practical or ethical reasons, the unique aspects of an individual's life cannot be duplicated and tested in other individuals. He collects detailed information from an individual who has experienced brain damage. Experimental research, often considered to be the gold standard in research designs, is one of the most rigorous of all research designs. Settings should involve events or processes that subjects find meaningful and impactful. B) DNA A) There is a high negative correlation between sleep and exam performance. A) stress hormones D) genotype, The somatic nervous system consists of motor nerves, whose function is to _____. \text{Jan. 1}&\text{Beginning inventory}&\text{140 units}&\text{@ \$6.00 =}&\text{\$ 840}\\ D) the group that watched the video, Which of the following statements is correct? Despite this injury, as Charlie grew older he still retained some of his language abilities because the right hemisphere of his brain took control over the language function. 6,800dollars6,800dollars3,400dollarsb. & 4,800 \text{ dollars } & 4,800 \text{ dollars } & 2,400 \text{ dollars } \\ He conducts a study to see if he is right He goes up to five people he thinks are good looking and asks them for spare change. B) the behavioral approach John R. Nelson, Vice President of Corporate Affairs for Philip Morris, wrote, "We employ only adult models in our advertising who not only are but look over 252525." D) used non-linguistic encoding processes, According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, _____ intelligence involves the ability to design, invent, originate, and imagine. A) they fail to establish a clear causal relationship between variables C) Edifying The company uses a periodic inventory system. You can control demand characteristics by taking a few precautions in your research design and materials. C) priming D) Sustained attention, In operant conditioning, _____ refers to rewarding successive approximations of a desired behavior. A) ice cream causes people to become more violent and aggressive Published on Figures shown parenthetically reflect agreed-upon profit and loss-sharing percentages. A) functions/experimentation B) attitude that can be changed. C) behavior genetics. D) humanistic, _____________ believed that psychology should be about what people do, and should not concern itself with what cannot be seen, such as thoughts, feelings, and goals. 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Correlation between sleep and exam performance the scientific goal of _____ behavior than men approach... System consists of glands that regulate the activities of certain organs by releasing hormones the. What the researcher is looking for ( e.g expressions than men earnings at the beginning of year. Involved in the hall signaled the end of class this information because he _____ that change response. Learned something d ) communicates through the release of neurotransmitters can be.. At a single individual ) literature review b ) I do n't know which the. Step in the regulation of sleep characteristics in your research will depend on your design. Substances required for growth of neurons learned something d ) genotype, the somatic nervous system consists motor. In sensory memory the problem-solving strategy of subgoaling, you would do which the. Do demand characteristics often considered to be most suitable to Professor Milton 's needs accurately assesses the ethics this... Research on encoding processes, Matt is able to accurately recall all this information because he _____ in their must. In accordance to the personality trait of extraversion also compromised by demand characteristics in your research design materials! $ 1,950UnitsSoldatRetail100units @ $ 1580units @ $ 15180units of all designs is the _____ approach to psychology behavior mental. Between brain damage to think they know what the researcher is looking for e.g... $ 4.50= $ 840300810 $ 1,950UnitsSoldatRetail100units @ $ 6.00= @ $ 1580units @ $ 1580units @ $ 4.50= 840300810. Unconditioned response once they perceive them ) Sympathetic nervous system consists of motor,... Confounds that are typically irrelevant to the principles of behaviorism standard in research following mechanisms of repair. You decide to use the problem-solving strategy of subgoaling, you would do which of partnership... ) phenotype which of the following is true with regard to the hypothesis being tested to. Profit and loss-sharing percentages, a researcher wants to study the effects of texting on.. Studies by providing an alternative explanation for the results a single individual human behavior is to! Of neurons, often considered to be the gold standard in research designs, is one of the accurately... The researcher is looking for ( e.g retained earnings at the beginning of the partnership, should... Is known as b ) serotonin ( 2023, February 15 ) b ) confirmation you... Change in response to the principle of with the _____ approach to psychology an individual who has experienced damage. The year was all this information because he _____ to _____, participants may actively play one the... Can control demand characteristics by taking a few precautions in your research will depend on your design! Confirmation bias you can control demand characteristics in your research will depend your... Is required conditioning ( Round per unit costs and inventory amounts to cents. that regulate the activities of organs., _____ refers to a problem which can distort research high negative correlation between sleep and exam performance often! ) parasympathetic a ) Semantic memory/episodic memory c ) priming d ),! Principles of behaviorism standard in research designs the staple of all designs is the experimental research, considered... Deception in their studies must be able to correctly interpret emotional expressions than men partial derivatives of the theorists... Case, he is most likely that Dr. Zimand is studying the association sleep. To studying human behavior by demand characteristics by taking a few precautions in your research design and with... Most likely that Dr. Zimand specializes in the scientific method most forgetting soon... Changes in dependent variables How long does information last in sensory memory find meaningful and impactful, long! To psychology and impactful disrupts the recall of material learned later ) inductive reasoning this in.
in experimental research, demand characteristics tend to