The law also provides for the rights of appeal and of bail in most categories of crimes. In many states, people with disabilities have no choice but to depend on their families for assistance or to live in institutions, which is inconsistent with their right to live independently and be included in the community under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Mariners planning travel to Mexico should check for U.S. maritime, Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. According to the Mexican Social Security Institute, as a result of the law 2.7 million workers of the 4.6 million subcontractors moved from formal subcontracting status to a formal direct employment status. . And the state police forces can only investigate ordinary crime, not organized crime. Crime and violence are widespread in Michoacan state. While the Supreme Court upheld the provisions, it noted the need for authorities to obtain a judicial warrant to access user metadata. In April authorities arrested and prosecuted Alexis Rafael Valadez Vazquez under the new law for publishing intimate photographs of women online, without their consent, to extort them. Members of the Mayan community in Campeche reported the National Tourism Board pressured them to cease protesting and agree to leave their lands. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico) Exercise Increased Caution. In July 2020 the Supreme Court agreed to analyze the case but as of August 23 had not issued a ruling. State governments reported investigating 12 suspected forced labor cases in 2020. The more recent map is here. Reports indicated that women suffered disproportionately from pretrial detention. Under the labor reform, to negotiate a collective bargaining agreement, the union must first obtain a certificate of representativeness from the Federal Center demonstrating it has support from at least 30 percent of workers to be covered by the agreement. As a result he was forced to urinate and defecate in his bed, according to Human Rights Watch. Six female candidates became governors, the largest number in the history of the country. Some cases dated back to the 1960s, but the vast majority occurred since 2006. He was a member of a search collective and the state search commission. Follow the U.S. Embassy on Facebook and Twitter. Yes, yes it is. Of particular concern is the high number of homicides in the non-tourist areas of Tijuana. What we know: - The suburb of Iztapalapa is the most densely populated area of Mexico City. But the 2021 midterms showed to an unprecedented degree that the criminal groups are no longer satisfied to coopt elected officials. The Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System reported more than 1,889 killings of women, including 672 femicides, from January to September. Even as travel is discouraged to all of Mexico because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. State Department continues to update its warnings concerning kidnappings and . Violent crime and gang activity are common in parts of Morelos state. Stress in America 2022: Concerned for the Future, Beset by Inflation, shows a battered American psyche, facing a barrage of external stressors that are mostly out of personal control. According to several NGOs and unions, many workers faced violence and intimidation perpetrated by protection union leaders and employers supporting them, as well as other workers, union leaders, and vigilantes hired by a company to suppress opposition to an existing union in bargaining-rights elections. Corruption: There were numerous reports of government corruption during the year. In May 2020 the CNDH reported that children were subjected to abuses such as torture, sexual violence, and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment at Ciudad de los Ninos, a private institution in Salamanca, Guanajuato. As of August 23, Marin was awaiting trial. Criminal cases related to such violations were rarely carried out. However, pursuit of justice remains elusive. Read thecountry information pagefor additional information on travel to Mexico. Prisons are notoriously unsanitary and overcrowded. Prohibition of Forced or Compulsory Labor, c. Prohibition of Child Labor and Minimum Age for Employment, d. Discrimination with Respect to Employment and Occupation. Authorities sometimes failed to respect court orders, and arrest warrants were sometimes ignored. Since 2019 more than 60 women accused Roemer of sexual abuse, assault, and rape. FENTANYL / 15 FEB 2023 . Journalists in Iguala, Guerrero, received anonymous messages through social networks, such as Facebook and WhatsApp, threatening them and their families, according to civil society. On August 3, Ravelo died from his injuries. The National Program for the Integral Protection of Children and Adolescents, mandated by law, is responsible for coordinating the protection of childrens rights at all levels of government. For example, manufacturers commonly hired workers on one- to three-month contracts and then waited a period of days before rehiring them on new short-term contracts to avoid paying severance and to prevent workers from accruing seniority. Investigations continued into the 2014 disappearances of 43 students from the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers College in Iguala, Guerrero. The constitution and law prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labor, but the government did not effectively enforce the law. Federal law prohibits discrimination against persons with physical, sensory, intellectual, and mental disabilities. Hidalgo state Exercise Increased Caution. In July 2020 authorities extradited Lozoya, former director of PEMEX, the state-owned petroleum company, from Spain. There were numerous instances of criminal armed groups extorting, threatening, or kidnapping asylum seekers and other migrants. Over 6 million people visited Puerto Vallarta in 2022 alone - most of which had a perfectly safe visit! Mexico endorsed the World Health Organizations Solidarity Call to Action for the Covid-19 Technology Access Pool, an initiative to realize equitable global access to COVID-19 health technologies through pooling of knowledge, intellectual property and data., Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people in close to 100 countries worldwide, spotlighting abuses and bringing perpetrators to justice, Human Rights Watch is a 501(C)(3)nonprofit registered in the US under EIN: 13-2875808, Military Abuses and Extrajudicial Killings, Attacks on Journalists and Human Rights Defenders, Key International Actors and Foreign Policy. A 2017 law made it illegal to use confessions obtained through torture as evidence at criminal trials. Cozumel is a very safe place to vacation in 2023, with a low historic crime rate, especially relative to other US and Mexican destinations. Links to external websites are provided as a convenience and should not be construed as an endorsement by the U.S. Department of State of the views or products contained therein. Nor do reductions in murders mean other forms of violence, such as extortion, or criminal groups control over territories and people, have lessened. The Puebla state government sued the news outlet E-Consulta seven times due to its reporting. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the median salary for full-time female employees was 19 percent less than that of full-time male employees. State-specific restrictions are included in the individual state advisories below. In 2021, a total of 625 cases of. Be extra vigilant when visiting banks or ATMs. U.S. government employees should avoid traveling alone, especially in remote areas. Children constituted 19 percent of irregular migrant flows identified by authorities; 30 percent of them were unaccompanied. As of December 2020 the Prosecutor Generals Office was investigating 3,703 torture-related inquiries under the previous inquisitorial legal system (initiated prior to the 2016 transition to an accusatorial system) and 565 investigations under the accusatorial system. Some public officials blocked critical journalists and media from following their social media accounts. There were accusations of sexual abuse against authorities during arrest and detention. The pandemic severely impacted the economy, resulting in a significant increase in the number of children engaging in child labor. Families of the disappeared have formed more than 130 search collectives to investigate disappearances, including, frequently, by digging up mass graves. Significant human rights issues included credible reports of: unlawful or arbitrary killings by police, military, and other governmental officials; forced disappearance by government agents; torture and degrading treatment by security forces; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary arrest or detention; restrictions on free expression and media, including violence against journalists; acts of corruption; insufficient investigation of and accountability for gender-based violence, including but not limited to domestic and intimate partner violence; crimes involving violence or threats of violence targeting persons with disabilities; and crimes involving violence or threats of violence targeting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex persons. In these areas, local law enforcement has limited capacity to respond to incidents of crime. The CNDH reported that assailants killed 12 human rights defenders from January to July. All states prohibit marriage of persons younger than age 18. NGOs alleged that provisions in laws threatened the privacy of internet users by forcing telecommunication companies to retain data for two years, providing real-time geolocation data to police, and allowing authorities to obtain metadata from private communications companies without a court order. In its data collection, the government often merged statistics on forcibly disappeared persons with missing persons not suspected of being victims of forced disappearance, making it difficult to compile accurate statistics on the extent of the problem. Country Summary: Violent crime such as homicide, kidnapping, carjacking, and robbery is widespread and common in Mexico. U.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE BUREAU of CONSULAR AFFAIRS, U.S. Citizen Services: From Mexico 800-681-9374 or 55-8526-2561. The law mandates the creation of a public registry of companies supplying specialized services to verify only registered companies fulfilling tax and administrative requirements may supply those services. Freedom of expression advocacy groups reported the government, despite reductions in its advertising budgets, continued to have a strong financial impact and influence on the largest media companies. And indeed, it doesnt respond. As of August, 25 of 32 states had specialized prosecutors offices for investigating torture, or specialized investigative units within the state attorney generals office as called for by law. Violent crime and gang activity are common in parts of Durango state. According to the Center for Economic Research and Teaching, most criminal suspects did not receive representation until after their first custody hearing, thus making individuals vulnerable to coercion to sign false statements prior to appearing before a judge. Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum marriage age is 18. According to the NGO, institutional staff in Baja California reported that four children with disabilities died within days of each other with no known investigations. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S government employees in Nayarit state, including tourist areas in: U.S. government employees may not travel to other areas of Zacatecas state. On June 17, while journalist Gustavo Sanchez Cabrera was riding his motorcycle, two unidentified individuals in a car crashed into him, exited the car, and fatally shot him. Other ways to share Not all public defenders were qualified, however, and often the state public defender system was understaffed. In 2019, President Lpez Obrador deployed the National Guard for migration enforcement. Although the law requires entities recruiting for overseas employment to register with the STPS, there is no enforcement mechanism, and only a handful of recruiters complied. As of September authorities made no arrests regarding the 2020 killing of prominent indigenous and environmental rights defender Homero Gomez. Asocio-economic component to enablelocal populations access to legal income is important, thoughnot a replacement for good policing. After denying they existed, in 2019 the Prosecutor Generals Office provided evidence of Pegasus licensing contracts in 2016 and 2017. In July Public Safety Secretary Rosa Isela Rodriguez revealed that the Felipe Calderon and Enrique Pena Nieto administrations signed 31 contracts for $61 million to buy Pegasus spy software. Maui, HI. The majority are between 15 and 30 years old, from lower income families, the CNB reports. News reports indicated poor working conditions in some factories. Note: The safety and security equipment and services sector encompasses several different segments, including some defense products. Authorities held some detainees under house arrest. The NGO Mexican Commission for the Defense and Promotion of Human Rights identified 15 incidents between January and July of mass forced internal displacement (defined as the displacement of at least 10 families or 50 individuals) due to violence. The Federal Center took over registration functions nationwide on November 3 and was preparing to launch a national union registry to contain all files related to union registration and statutes, collective bargaining agreements, and union financial statements. However, personnel are advised to exercise increased situational awareness after dark in downtown areas of Cancun, Tulum, and Playa del Carmen, and to remain in well-lit pedestrian streets and tourist zones. The criminal justice system routinely fails to provide justice to victims of violent crimes and human rights violations. Criminal activity and violence occur throughout the state. The law states that the principle of gender parity should be observed in the designation of cabinet members, selection of candidates for public office by every political party, and designation of members of the judiciary. In 2019 a Mexico City court ordered academic Sergio Aguayo, a columnist of the daily newspaper Reforma, to pay a fine of 10 million pesos ($530,000) in moral damages to former Coahuila governor Humberto Moreira. But the size of the decline is just noise in the tempo of Mexicos criminal violence. Mexico's homicide rate has been rising every year since 2014 but it remains well below those of other countries worldwide. While penalties for conviction of forced labor were commensurate with those for similar crimes, very few cases were successfully prosecuted. All states have their own human rights commissions. Officials expect to receive more than 100,000 applications in 2021. Freedom Houses 2021 Freedom on the Net report categorized the countrys internet as partly free, noting concerns regarding online manipulation tactics, potential for politicized content removals, high levels of violence against digital reporters, and investigations surrounding abusive surveillance practices. Abuse of Migrants and Refugees: The press, international organizations, and NGOs reported targeting and victimization of migrants by criminal groups and in some cases by police, immigration officers, and customs officials, including at land borders and airports. Article 19 reported five journalists killed in relation to their work from January to September 2021. Although authorities generally maintained effective control over the security forces, there were instances in which security force elements acted independently of civilian control. Although Cancun is far from what I'd consider a completely safe city, it's far from overly dangerous. This piece is part of a series titled "Nonstate armed actors and illicit economies in 2022" from Brookings'sInitiative on Nonstate Armed Actors. The CABs operate under a tripartite system with government, worker, and employer representatives, with worker representation on the CABs selected based on majority representation, which was held by entrenched nondemocratic unions that sign protection contracts with complicit employers to secure low wages. Use additional caution, particularly at night, outside of the frequented tourist areas where police and security patrol more routinely. There are no other restrictions on travel for U.S government employees in Jalisco state which includes tourist areas in:Guadalajara Metropolitan Area,Puerto Vallarta (including neighboring Riviera Nayarit),Chapala, andAjijic. Violent crime and gang activity are common in parts of Jalisco state. Rape and Domestic Violence: Federal law criminalizes the rape of men and women, including spousal rape, and conviction carries penalties of up to 20 years imprisonment. The new vote took place on August 17-18, and a majority of workers rejected the collective bargaining agreement. The midterms marked a large increase in female candidates. Disposition: Inactive Most homicides are targeted assassinations against members of criminal organizations. (Lpez Obrador falsely claimed in November 2021 that a deal to end forest loss by 2030 reached at the global climate summit in Glasgow was inspired by Sowing Life.) Veracruz state Exercise Increased Caution. dear evan hansen monologue zoe; prichard 118'' wide symmetrical modular corner sectional with ottoman; buongiorno amore mio in spagnolo. Ramos had been searching for her missing husband for the previous seven months as a member of two search collectives. Mexican National Guard members arrest a migrant who tried crossing the Ro Bravo in Ciudad Jurez, Mexico on April 19, 2021, Share this via Facebook On January 11, the government ended migratory detention for children. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. Authorities accused the suspects of smuggling 20 to 80 migrants per day through Baja California into the United States for more than a decade. State labor inspectors, however, reported finding evidence of child labor, particularly in agricultural establishments. More than 23,000 are listed as having disappeared since President Lpez Obrador took office in December 2018. The CNDH in its report on COVID-19 measures in holding facilities found most detention facilities could not comply with social distancing measures or several other health recommendations due to lack of space, personnel, or equipment. As of August there were no developments in the case regarding the abduction and killing of seven-year-old Fatima Aldrighetti Anton. Sometimes family members arranged marriages for girls younger than 18. Abuses of persons with disabilities included the use of physical and chemical restraints; physical and sexual abuse; human trafficking, including forced labor; disappearance; and the illegal adoption of institutionalized children. Prescription Pills Laced With Meth, Fentanyl Sold in Northern Mexico Pharmacies: Report. The states of Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, and Zacatecas, plus Mexico City, accounted for 76 percent of reported disappearances from 2018 to June 30. In August 2020 a federal judge sentenced Juan Carlos El Larry Moreno Ochoa to 50 years in prison for killing Breach. Physical Conditions: According to the Federal Prison System, as of June there were 220,393 inmates in 288 state and federal facilities with a designed capacity for 217,064. Conflicts arose from the interpretation of indigenous communities self-governing normative systems. Uses and customs laws apply traditional practices to resolve disputes, choose local officials, and collect taxes, with limited federal or state government involvement. There are no other travel restrictions for U.S. government employees in Baja California state. There is no single independent oversight mechanism to review police actions, but many federal and state security and justice sector institutions have internal affairs units providing internal supervision and promoting best practices for transparency and accountability. The law provides for freedom of expression, including for members of the press and other media, and the government generally respected this right. The law mandates that all discrimination cases, including sexual harassment, bypass formerly mandatory conciliation and proceed directly to the labor courts. Yet the dismantling of the Federal Police also led to a profound reduction in the number of investigators and investigative capacity in Mexico by some 70-75%, Mexican lawyers and security officials estimated in conversations with me. Mexicos law-enforcement forces still lack incapacitation and deterrence capacities. According to the NGO Freedom House, Researchers continued to document cases of journalists, human rights lawyers, activists, and political figures targeted with Pegasus spy software. Enforcement, however, was inconsistent across the states. Shooting incidents between criminal groupshave injured or killed bystanders. The army and the navy have human rights units to create protocols and training. Calls included reports of relationship aggression, sexual assault, sexual harassment, rape, and intrafamily violence. By law workers may remove themselves from situations that endanger health or safety without jeopardy to their employment. As of August 16, the suspects remained in detention awaiting trial. This requirement was not followed in all cases, particularly in remote areas of the country. NGOs operated 85 percent of the facilities, and government organizations operated the remaining 15 percent. Employees traveling to Manzanillo from Guadalajara must use Federal Toll Road 54D during daylight hours. Federal law criminalizes spousal abuse. Migrants were also recruited by criminal organizations to conduct illicit activities. In September, the Supreme Court made three rulings that set important precedents for reproductive rights. Recent Elections: International observers considered the midterm elections (legislative, gubernatorial, and local) to be generally free and fair, with only minor reports of irregularities. In July the CNB reported it had recovered more than 1,100 pounds of charred human remains from La Bartolina, Tamaulipas, a clandestine cremation site found in 2017. It might seem that 2022 is starting off with important positive news about the crime and security situation in Mexico. Child protection authorities lacked sufficient capacity to shelter and process migrant children and families, and the government made modest headway to increase that capacity. The government says soldiers only support migration officials. Abortion access varies by state. State search collectives reported being victims, at times fatal, of attacks, threats, and other acts of harassment. International Child Abductions: The country is party to the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. Of the 32 states, 24 criminalize sexual harassment, and all states have provisions for punishment when the perpetrator is in a position of power. The elections were generally free and fair. However, authorities often fail to investigate allegations of torture. His administration has given SEDENA and SEMAR responsibilities for custom collection and awarded them contracts for buildingairports,luxury apartments, and presumed critical infrastructure (sometimes foolishly environmentally-damaging infrastructure like theMayan Train), while promising toexempt them from all kinds of oversight. By law attorneys are required to meet professional qualifications to represent a defendant. The law provides for eight paid public holidays and one week of paid annual leave after completing one year of work. Lpez Obradors initiative Sowing Life, which he touts as a major component of his strategy to cut greenhouse gas emissions, may have caused 72,000 hectares of forest loss, with inadequate monitoring enabling beneficiaries to clear forests and then be paid by the government to plant trees. In her more than 20 years in the industry, Dr. McEntire has become one of the most highly respected leaders in food safety . Various news outlets showed a video of two National Migration Institute agents with riot gear and shields grabbing one migrant, knocking him to the ground, and kicking him. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, Section 1. Despite these prohibitions, there were reports of security forces torturing suspects. Criminal cartels, common criminals, and sometimes police and migration officials regularly target people migrating through Mexico to rob, kidnap, extort, rape, or kill them. In July an arrangement was reached on a course of remediation, which included a new collective bargaining agreement legitimization vote under the supervision of the STPS, with observers from the National Electoral Institute and the International Labor Organization. U.S. travelers are reminded that U.S. government employees must adhere to the following travel restrictions: There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees to other parts of Oaxaca state, which include tourist areas in:Oaxaca City,Monte Alban,Puerto Escondido,andHuatulco. As a result other unions, including a new union formed by workers after the vote, gained the right to seek representation rights and negotiate a new agreement. Access to Asylum: Federal law provides for granting asylum, refugee status, or complementary protection to those fleeing persecution or facing possible threats to their life, security, or liberty in their country of origin; this right was generally respected. There were high rates of impunity for these crimes, consistent with high impunity rates for all crimes. Most internal affairs units, however, were insufficiently staffed and funded. With Autocrats on the Defensive, Can Democrats Rise to the Occasion. Between January 1 and August 4, it received 4,119 reports of missing persons and located 3,805 alive and 277 deceased. Yesterday Updated 10:45 a.m. In response to a 2020 civil society organization lawsuit, a Mexico City court ruled authorities must implement COVID-19 detection and preventive health protocols for detainees and their families in prisons in Mexico City and psychiatric wards nationwide. As of 2023, the crime rate hit an all-time high of 80.29%. Government authorities also reported an increase of 73 percent in online child pornography distribution during the pandemic. The law provides time limits and conditions on pretrial detention, but federal authorities sometimes failed to comply with them since caseloads far exceeded the capacity of the federal judicial system. Even if that means succumbing to the narcos. The Defense Ministry has paid compensation to families but has not sanctioned any soldiers or reported the cases to police or prosecutors for criminal investigation. Many workers were compelled into forced labor through debt bondage, threats of violence, and nonpayment of wages by recruiters and employers. Crime and violence are widespread. Factors associated with maternal deaths included parents with lower levels of education, poor hospital infrastructure and human capacity, and lack of access to maternity care, especially for pregnant women living in rural areas. Several indigenous communities denounced the governments plan to build the Mayan Train, an estimated $7.5 billion dual cargo-passenger railroad to cross the Yucatan Peninsula through indigenous lands. Both the boys and their hairdresser trainers pocketed the government money and went about their lives, criminal or otherwise, as before. In November, the UN Committee on Enforced Disappearances visited Mexicoits first visit to any country. In August the federal government signed a public-private partnership agreement with the Teleton Institute for it to provide rehabilitation services to 20,000 pension-receiving children. Criminal organizations are based in and operating in Sinaloa. As of November authorities held Emilio Lozoya in pretrial detention. Wages were illegally withheld until the end of the harvest to ensure that the workers did not leave. In 2020, the government reported nearly 1,000 femicideskillings of women because of their gender. The reforms provide workers with the right to freely elect union representatives and approve or reject collective bargaining agreements through a secret ballot process before they are registered. But what I heard from interlocutors in Mexico wasa most problematic vision of the U.S. Mexico Bicentennial Framework by the Mexican government namely, that the United States should only take care of its own territory by reducing drug demand and retail in the United States and the flows of drug money and weapons to Mexico, while Mexico will do whatever it wants, without U.S. input, in Mexico. Yet the criminal groups capacities to hold turf often remains flimsy, with groups like CJNG brazenly seeking to conquer entire territories withdrone-mounted bombs, and groups like the Sinaloa Cartel taking over legal and illegal economies and politics in a more buttoned-down and less blatant manner, but no less systematically. 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